English Language Arts
One topic at a time, grades 1–3, in the order it builds.
15 topics · 142 skills across grades 1–3 · 19 TAC chapter 110 the rule text (PDF)
Grouped by what you would call the thing, rather than by where Texas files it. A skill can sit under more than one topic, because most of them do.
Who is in a story, what happens to them, where it happens, and what the whole thing turns out to be about.
also called stories
- Grade 1 1.8.A Topics and theme from evidence, with help Close
1.8.A · Grade 1
Topics and theme from evidence, with help
discuss topics and determine theme using text evidence with adult assistance;
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 1 1.8.B Main characters and why they act Close
1.8.B · Grade 1
Main characters and why they act
describe the main character(s) and the reason(s) for their actions;
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 1 1.8.C Plot elements: events, problem, resolution Close
1.8.C · Grade 1
Plot elements: events, problem, resolution
describe plot elements, including the main events, the problem, and the resolution, for texts read aloud and independently; and
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 1 1.8.D Describe the story's setting Close
1.8.D · Grade 1
Describe the story's setting
describe the setting.
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 1 1.9.C Discuss drama: characters and setting Close
1.9.C · Grade 1
Discuss drama: characters and setting
discuss elements of drama such as characters and setting;
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 2 2.8.A Topics and theme from evidence, with help Close
2.8.A · Grade 2
Topics and theme from evidence, with help
discuss topics and determine theme using text evidence with adult assistance;
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 2 2.8.B Main character's internal and external traits Close
2.8.B · Grade 2
Main character's internal and external traits
describe the main character's (characters') internal and external traits;
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 2 2.8.C Plot elements: events, conflict, resolution Close
2.8.C · Grade 2
Plot elements: events, conflict, resolution
describe and understand plot elements, including the main events, the conflict, and the resolution, for texts read aloud and independently; and
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 2 2.8.D Describe the setting's importance Close
2.8.D · Grade 2
Describe the setting's importance
describe the importance of the setting.
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 2 2.9.C Drama: characters, dialogue, and setting Close
2.9.C · Grade 2
Drama: characters, dialogue, and setting
discuss elements of drama such as characters, dialogue, and setting;
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 3 3.8.A Infer theme, distinguishing it from topic Close
3.8.A · Grade 3
Infer theme, distinguishing it from topic
infer the theme of a work, distinguishing theme from topic;
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 3 3.8.B Explain how major and minor characters relate Close
3.8.B · Grade 3
Explain how major and minor characters relate
explain the relationships among the major and minor characters;
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 3 3.8.C Analyze sequence, conflict, and resolution Close
3.8.C · Grade 3
Analyze sequence, conflict, and resolution
analyze plot elements, including the sequence of events, the conflict, and the resolution; and
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 3 3.8.D Explain how setting influences the plot Close
3.8.D · Grade 3
Explain how setting influences the plot
explain the influence of the setting on the plot.
Part of the characters and plot topic
- Grade 3 3.9.C Discuss the elements of drama Close
3.9.C · Grade 3
Discuss the elements of drama
discuss elements of drama such as characters, dialogue, setting, and acts;
Part of the characters and plot topic
Following what a text is doing — predicting, inferring, retelling it back, and going back when it stops making sense.
also called understanding what they read
- Grade 1 1.4 Read grade-level text with appropriate fluency Close
1.4 · Grade 1
Read grade-level text with appropriate fluency
The student reads grade-level text with fluency and comprehension. The student is expected to use appropriate fluency (rate, accuracy, and prosody) when reading grade-level text.
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 1 1.6.C Predict, confirm or correct, with help Close
1.6.C · Grade 1
Predict, confirm or correct, with help
make and correct or confirm predictions using text features, characteristics of genre, and structures with adult assistance;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 1 1.6.F Infer using evidence, with help Close
1.6.F · Grade 1
Infer using evidence, with help
make inferences and use evidence to support understanding with adult assistance;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 1 1.6.I Monitor comprehension and adjust when stuck Close
1.6.I · Grade 1
Monitor comprehension and adjust when stuck
monitor comprehension and make adjustments such as re-reading, using background knowledge, checking for visual cues, and asking questions when understanding breaks down.
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 1 1.7.D Retell a text and keep its meaning Close
1.7.D · Grade 1
Retell a text and keep its meaning
retell texts in ways that maintain meaning;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 2 2.4 Read grade-level text with appropriate fluency Close
2.4 · Grade 2
Read grade-level text with appropriate fluency
The student reads grade-level text with fluency and comprehension. The student is expected to use appropriate fluency (rate, accuracy, and prosody) when reading grade-level text.
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 2 2.6.C Make, confirm, or correct predictions Close
2.6.C · Grade 2
Make, confirm, or correct predictions
make and correct or confirm predictions using text features, characteristics of genre, and structures;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 2 2.6.F Infer and support with evidence Close
2.6.F · Grade 2
Infer and support with evidence
make inferences and use evidence to support understanding;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 2 2.6.I Monitor comprehension and adjust when stuck Close
2.6.I · Grade 2
Monitor comprehension and adjust when stuck
monitor comprehension and make adjustments such as re-reading, using background knowledge, checking for visual cues, and asking questions when understanding breaks down.
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 2 2.7.D Retell, paraphrase: keep meaning and order Close
2.7.D · Grade 2
Retell, paraphrase: keep meaning and order
retell and paraphrase texts in ways that maintain meaning and logical order;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 3 3.4 Read grade-level text fluently Close
3.4 · Grade 3
Read grade-level text fluently
The student reads grade-level text with fluency and comprehension. The student is expected to use appropriate fluency (rate, accuracy, and prosody) when reading grade-level text.
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 3 3.6.C Make and confirm or correct predictions Close
3.6.C · Grade 3
Make and confirm or correct predictions
make and correct or confirm predictions using text features, characteristics of genre, and structures;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 3 3.6.F Make inferences supported by evidence Close
3.6.F · Grade 3
Make inferences supported by evidence
make inferences and use evidence to support understanding;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 3 3.6.I Monitor comprehension and adjust when stuck Close
3.6.I · Grade 3
Monitor comprehension and adjust when stuck
monitor comprehension and make adjustments such as re-reading, using background knowledge, asking questions, and annotating when understanding breaks down.
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 3 3.7.D Retell and paraphrase, keeping meaning, order Close
3.7.D · Grade 3
Retell and paraphrase, keeping meaning, order
retell and paraphrase texts in ways that maintain meaning and logical order;
Part of the comprehension topic
- Grade 3 3.8.A Infer theme, distinguishing it from topic
The parts a sentence is built from and the marks that tell a reader how to take it — filed here inside editing a draft.
also called capital letters, full stops
- Grade 1 1.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions Close
1.11.D · Grade 1
Edit drafts for standard English conventions
edit drafts using standard English conventions, including:
- complete sentences with subject-verb agreement;
- past and present verb tense;
- singular, plural, common, and proper nouns;
- adjectives, including articles;
- adverbs that convey time;
- prepositions;
- pronouns, including subjective, objective, and possessive cases;
- capitalization for the beginning of sentences and the pronoun "I";
- punctuation marks at the end of declarative, exclamatory, and interrogative sentences; and
- correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules and high-frequency words with adult assistance; and
Part of the grammar and punctuation topic
- Grade 2 2.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions Close
2.11.D · Grade 2
Edit drafts for standard English conventions
edit drafts using standard English conventions, including:
- complete sentences with subject-verb agreement;
- past, present, and future verb tense;
- singular, plural, common, and proper nouns;
- adjectives, including articles;
- adverbs that convey time and adverbs that convey place;
- prepositions and prepositional phrases;
- pronouns, including subjective, objective, and possessive cases;
- coordinating conjunctions to form compound subjects and predicates;
- capitalization of months, days of the week, and the salutation and conclusion of a letter;
- end punctuation, apostrophes in contractions, and commas with items in a series and in dates; and
- correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules and high-frequency words; and
Part of the grammar and punctuation topic
- Grade 3 3.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions Close
3.11.D · Grade 3
Edit drafts for standard English conventions
edit drafts using standard English conventions, including:
- complete simple and compound sentences with subject-verb agreement;
- past, present, and future verb tense;
- singular, plural, common, and proper nouns;
- adjectives, including their comparative and superlative forms;
- adverbs that convey time and adverbs that convey manner;
- prepositions and prepositional phrases;
- pronouns, including subjective, objective, and possessive cases;
- coordinating conjunctions to form compound subjects, predicates, and sentences;
- capitalization of official titles of people, holidays, and geographical names and places;
- punctuation marks, including apostrophes in contractions and possessives and commas in compound sentences and items in a series; and
- correct spelling of words with grade-appropriate orthographic patterns and rules and high-frequency words; and
Part of the grammar and punctuation topic
Forming letters legibly — printing at first, then all of it in cursive from the second year on.
- Grade 1 1.2.F Handwrite legibly with spaces between words Close
1.2.F · Grade 1
Handwrite legibly with spaces between words
develop handwriting by printing words, sentences, and answers legibly leaving appropriate spaces between words.
Part of the handwriting topic
- Grade 2 2.2.E Cursive handwriting with connecting strokes Close
2.2.E · Grade 2
Cursive handwriting with connecting strokes
develop handwriting by accurately forming all cursive letters using appropriate strokes when connecting letters.
Part of the handwriting topic
- Grade 3 3.2.D Write legibly in cursive with spacing Close
3.2.D · Grade 3
Write legibly in cursive with spacing
write complete words, thoughts, and answers legibly in cursive leaving appropriate spaces between words.
Part of the handwriting topic
Reading to find something out, using the features and graphics put there to help — and writing the same kind of thing yourself.
also called nonfiction
- Grade 1 1.6.C Predict, confirm or correct, with help
- Grade 1 1.7.B Write brief comments on texts Close
1.7.B · Grade 1
Write brief comments on texts
write brief comments on literary or informational texts;
Part of the informational text topic
- Grade 1 1.9.D Informational text traits and structures Close
1.9.D · Grade 1
Informational text traits and structures
recognize characteristics and structures of informational text, including:
- the central idea and supporting evidence with adult assistance;
- features and simple graphics to locate or gain information; and
- organizational patterns such as chronological order and description with adult assistance;
Part of the informational text topic
- Grade 1 1.12.B Compose or dictate informational texts Close
1.12.B · Grade 1
Compose or dictate informational texts
dictate or compose informational texts, including procedural texts; and
Part of the informational text topic
- Grade 2 2.6.C Make, confirm, or correct predictions
- Grade 2 2.7.B Write brief comments showing understanding Close
2.7.B · Grade 2
Write brief comments showing understanding
write brief comments on literary or informational texts that demonstrate an understanding of the text;
Part of the informational text topic
- Grade 2 2.9.D Informational text: traits and structures Close
2.9.D · Grade 2
Informational text: traits and structures
recognize characteristics and structures of informational text, including:
- the central idea and supporting evidence with adult assistance;
- features and graphics to locate and gain information; and
- organizational patterns such as chronological order and cause and effect stated explicitly;
Part of the informational text topic
- Grade 2 2.12.B Compose procedural texts and reports Close
2.12.B · Grade 2
Compose procedural texts and reports
compose informational texts, including procedural texts and reports; and
Part of the informational text topic
- Grade 3 3.6.C Make and confirm or correct predictions
- Grade 3 3.7.B Write a response showing text understanding Close
3.7.B · Grade 3
Write a response showing text understanding
write a response to a literary or informational text that demonstrates an understanding of a text;
Part of the informational text topic
- Grade 3 3.9.D Traits and structure of informational text Close
3.9.D · Grade 3
Traits and structure of informational text
recognize characteristics and structures of informational text, including:
- the central idea with supporting evidence;
- features such as sections, tables, graphs, timelines, bullets, numbers, and bold and italicized font to support understanding; and
- organizational patterns such as cause and effect and problem and solution;
Part of the informational text topic
- Grade 3 3.12.B Write informational texts with a central idea Close
3.12.B · Grade 3
Write informational texts with a central idea
compose informational texts, including brief compositions that convey information about a topic, using a clear central idea and genre characteristics and craft;
Part of the informational text topic
What a piece is mostly about, and the parts of the text that show it — in what you read and in what you write.
Spotting what a writer is trying to talk you into — and later, saying what you think and backing it.
- Grade 1 1.9.E Persuasive text and its aim, with help Close
1.9.E · Grade 1
Persuasive text and its aim, with help
recognize characteristics of persuasive text with adult assistance and state what the author is trying to persuade the reader to think or do; and
Part of the persuasive writing topic
- Grade 2 2.9.E Characteristics of persuasive text Close
2.9.E · Grade 2
Characteristics of persuasive text
recognize characteristics of persuasive text, including:
- stating what the author is trying to persuade the reader to think or do; and
- distinguishing facts from opinion; and
Part of the persuasive writing topic
- Grade 3 3.9.E Argumentative text traits and structure Close
3.9.E · Grade 3
Argumentative text traits and structure
recognize characteristics and structures of argumentative text by:
- identifying the claim;
- distinguishing facts from opinion; and
- identifying the intended audience or reader; and
Part of the persuasive writing topic
- Grade 3 3.12.C Compose opinion essays and other arguments Close
3.12.C · Grade 3
Compose opinion essays and other arguments
compose argumentative texts, including opinion essays, using genre characteristics and craft; and
Part of the persuasive writing topic
Hearing the sounds inside a word and matching them to letters, in both directions.
also called sounding out
- Grade 1 1.2.A Demonstrate phonological awareness Close
1.2.A · Grade 1
Demonstrate phonological awareness
demonstrate phonological awareness by:
- producing a series of rhyming words;
- recognizing spoken alliteration or groups of words that begin with the same spoken onset or initial sound;
- distinguishing between long and short vowel sounds in one-syllable words;
- recognizing the change in spoken word when a specified phoneme is added, changed, or removed;
- blending spoken phonemes to form one-syllable words, including initial and/or final consonant blends;
- manipulating phonemes within base words; and
- segmenting spoken one-syllable words of three to five phonemes into individual phonemes, including words with initial and/or final consonant blends;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 1 1.2.B Show and apply phonetic knowledge Close
1.2.B · Grade 1
Show and apply phonetic knowledge
demonstrate and apply phonetic knowledge by:
- decoding words in isolation and in context by applying common letter sound correspondences;
- decoding words with initial and final consonant blends, digraphs, and trigraphs;
- decoding words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllables; vowel teams, including vowel digraphs and diphthongs; and r-controlled syllables;
- using knowledge of base words to decode common compound words and contractions;
- decoding words with inflectional endings, including -ed, -s, and -es; and
- identifying and reading at least 100 high-frequency words from a research-based list;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 1 1.2.C Apply and show spelling knowledge Close
1.2.C · Grade 1
Apply and show spelling knowledge
demonstrate and apply spelling knowledge by:
- spelling words with closed syllables, open syllables, VCe syllables, vowel teams, and r-controlled syllables;
- spelling words with initial and final consonant blends, digraphs, and trigraphs;
- spelling words using sound-spelling patterns; and
- spelling high-frequency words from a research-based list;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 2 2.2.A Demonstrate phonological awareness Close
2.2.A · Grade 2
Demonstrate phonological awareness
demonstrate phonological awareness by:
- producing a series of rhyming words;
- distinguishing between long and short vowel sounds in one-syllable and multi-syllable words;
- recognizing the change in spoken word when a specified phoneme is added, changed, or removed; and
- manipulating phonemes within base words;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 2 2.2.B Phonetic knowledge, demonstrated and applied Close
2.2.B · Grade 2
Phonetic knowledge, demonstrated and applied
demonstrate and apply phonetic knowledge by:
- decoding words with short, long, or variant vowels, trigraphs, and blends;
- decoding words with silent letters such as knife and gnat;
- decoding multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllables; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;
- decoding compound words, contractions, and common abbreviations;
- decoding words using knowledge of syllable division patterns such as VCCV, VCV, and VCCCV;
- decoding words with prefixes, including un-, re-, and dis-, and inflectional endings, including -s, -es, -ed, -ing, -er, and -est; and
- identifying and reading high-frequency words from a research-based list;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 2 2.2.C Spelling knowledge, demonstrated and applied Close
2.2.C · Grade 2
Spelling knowledge, demonstrated and applied
demonstrate and apply spelling knowledge by:
- spelling one-syllable and multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllables; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;
- spelling words with silent letters such as knife and gnat;
- spelling compound words, contractions, and common abbreviations;
- spelling multisyllabic words with multiple sound-spelling patterns;
- spelling words using knowledge of syllable division patterns, including words with double consonants in the middle of the word; and
- spelling words with prefixes, including un-, re-, and dis-, and inflectional endings, including -s, -es, -ed, -ing, -er, and -est;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 3 3.2.A Apply and demonstrate phonetic knowledge Close
3.2.A · Grade 3
Apply and demonstrate phonetic knowledge
demonstrate and apply phonetic knowledge by:
- decoding multisyllabic words with multiple sound-spelling patterns such as eigh, ough, and en;
- decoding multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllables; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;
- decoding compound words, contractions, and abbreviations;
- decoding words using knowledge of syllable division patterns such as VCCV, VCV, and VCCCV with accent shifts;
- decoding words using knowledge of prefixes;
- decoding words using knowledge of suffixes, including how they can change base words such as dropping e, changing y to i, and doubling final consonants; and
- identifying and reading high-frequency words from a research-based list;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 3 3.2.B Apply and demonstrate spelling knowledge Close
3.2.B · Grade 3
Apply and demonstrate spelling knowledge
demonstrate and apply spelling knowledge by:
- spelling multisyllabic words with closed syllables; open syllables; VCe syllables; vowel teams, including digraphs and diphthongs; r-controlled syllables; and final stable syllables;
- spelling homophones;
- spelling compound words, contractions, and abbreviations;
- spelling multisyllabic words with multiple sound-spelling patterns;
- spelling words using knowledge of syllable division patterns such as VCCV, VCV, and VCCCV;
- spelling words using knowledge of prefixes; and
- spelling words using knowledge of suffixes, including how they can change base words such as dropping e, changing y to i, and doubling final consonants;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 3 3.3.A Look up meaning, syllabication, pronunciation Close
3.3.A · Grade 3
Look up meaning, syllabication, pronunciation
use print or digital resources to determine meaning, syllabication, and pronunciation;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 3 3.9.B Explain sound devices, rhyme scheme, stanzas Close
3.9.B · Grade 3
Explain sound devices, rhyme scheme, stanzas
explain rhyme scheme, sound devices, and structural elements such as stanzas in a variety of poems;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
- Grade 3 3.10.D Describe imagery, language, and sound devices Close
3.10.D · Grade 3
Describe imagery, language, and sound devices
describe how the author's use of imagery, literal and figurative language such as simile, and sound devices such as onomatopoeia achieves specific purposes;
Part of the phonics and sounds topic
How a poem is put together — rhyme, stanzas, the sound it makes read aloud — and writing one yourself.
- Grade 1 1.9.A Distinguishing traits of children's literature
- Grade 1 1.9.B Poems: rhyme, rhythm, repetition, alliteration
- Grade 1 1.12.A Dictate or compose narratives and poems
- Grade 2 2.9.B Poems: visual patterns and structures
- Grade 2 2.12.A Compose personal narratives and poetry
- Grade 3 3.9.B Explain sound devices, rhyme scheme, stanzas
- Grade 3 3.12.A Compose narratives and poetry with craft
Reading smoothly enough that the sense arrives with the words rather than after them.
Asking a question that sends you looking it up, finding the sources, and later saying where the answer came from.
- Grade 1 1.2.B Show and apply phonetic knowledge
- Grade 1 1.2.C Apply and show spelling knowledge
- Grade 1 1.7.A Describe personal connections to sources
- Grade 1 1.7.E Interact meaningfully with sources
- Grade 1 1.13.A Formal and informal questions, with help
- Grade 1 1.13.B Plan and follow research, with help
- Grade 1 1.13.C Gather sources and information, with help
- Grade 2 2.2.B Phonetic knowledge, demonstrated and applied
- Grade 2 2.7.A Describe personal connections to sources
- Grade 2 2.7.E Meaningful interaction with sources
- Grade 2 2.13.A Formal and informal questions, with help
- Grade 2 2.13.B Plan and follow research, with help
- Grade 2 2.13.C Find and gather sources and information
- Grade 2 2.13.D Sources: primary and secondary
- Grade 2 2.13.F Cite sources appropriately
- Grade 3 3.2.A Apply and demonstrate phonetic knowledge
- Grade 3 3.7.A Describe personal connections to many sources
- Grade 3 3.7.E Take notes, annotate, freewrite, illustrate
- Grade 3 3.13.A Pose questions for formal, informal inquiry
- Grade 3 3.13.B Plan and follow research, with help
- Grade 3 3.13.C Locate and gather relevant information
- Grade 3 3.13.D Recognize primary and secondary sources
- Grade 3 3.13.F Tell paraphrasing apart from plagiarism
Talking so you are understood, and listening closely enough to answer what was actually said.
- Grade 1 1.1.A Listen, ask, and answer in multi-word replies Close
1.1.A · Grade 1
Listen, ask, and answer in multi-word replies
listen actively, ask relevant questions to clarify information, and answer questions using multi-word responses;
Part of the speaking and listening topic
- Grade 1 1.1.C Share information and ideas clearly on topic Close
1.1.C · Grade 1
Share information and ideas clearly on topic
share information and ideas about the topic under discussion, speaking clearly at an appropriate pace and using the conventions of language;
Part of the speaking and listening topic
- Grade 1 1.1.D Collaborate using agreed-upon discussion rules Close
1.1.D · Grade 1
Collaborate using agreed-upon discussion rules
work collaboratively with others by following agreed-upon rules for discussion, including listening to others, speaking when recognized, and making appropriate contributions; and
Part of the speaking and listening topic
- Grade 2 2.1.A Listen, clarify, give multi-word answers Close
2.1.A · Grade 2
Listen, clarify, give multi-word answers
listen actively, ask relevant questions to clarify information, and answer questions using multi-word responses;
Part of the speaking and listening topic
- Grade 2 2.1.C On-topic sharing, clear pace, correct language Close
2.1.C · Grade 2
On-topic sharing, clear pace, correct language
share information and ideas that focus on the topic under discussion, speaking clearly at an appropriate pace and using the conventions of language;
Part of the speaking and listening topic
- Grade 2 2.1.D Collaborate by agreed-upon discussion rules Close
2.1.D · Grade 2
Collaborate by agreed-upon discussion rules
work collaboratively with others by following agreed-upon rules for discussion, including listening to others, speaking when recognized, making appropriate contributions, and building on the ideas of others; and
Part of the speaking and listening topic
- Grade 3 3.1.A Listen actively, ask questions, and comment Close
3.1.A · Grade 3
Listen actively, ask questions, and comment
listen actively, ask relevant questions to clarify information, and make pertinent comments;
Part of the speaking and listening topic
- Grade 3 3.1.C Speak coherently using delivery conventions Close
3.1.C · Grade 3
Speak coherently using delivery conventions
speak coherently about the topic under discussion, employing eye contact, speaking rate, volume, enunciation, and the conventions of language to communicate ideas effectively;
Part of the speaking and listening topic
Writing a word the way everyone else writes it — partly by pattern, partly by the words you come to know on sight.
- Grade 1 1.2.C Apply and show spelling knowledge
- Grade 1 1.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions
- Grade 2 2.2.C Spelling knowledge, demonstrated and applied
- Grade 2 2.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions
- Grade 3 3.2.A Apply and demonstrate phonetic knowledge
- Grade 3 3.2.B Apply and demonstrate spelling knowledge
- Grade 3 3.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions
Working out what a new word means — from the sentence around it, or from its endings and prefixes — and then actually using it.
also called word meanings
- Grade 1 1.2.B Show and apply phonetic knowledge
- Grade 1 1.3.C Identify meanings of -s, -ed, and -ing Close
1.3.C · Grade 1
Identify meanings of -s, -ed, and -ing
identify the meaning of words with the affixes -s, -ed, and -ing; and
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 1 1.7.F Respond using new vocabulary Close
1.7.F · Grade 1
Respond using new vocabulary
respond using newly acquired vocabulary as appropriate.
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 2 2.3.B Meaning of unfamiliar words from context Close
2.3.B · Grade 2
Meaning of unfamiliar words from context
use context within and beyond a sentence to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words;
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 2 2.3.C Meanings and use of affixed words Close
2.3.C · Grade 2
Meanings and use of affixed words
identify the meaning of and use words with affixes un-, re-, -ly, -er, and -est (comparative and superlative), and -ion/tion/sion; and
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 2 2.3.D Antonyms, synonyms, idioms, homographs Close
2.3.D · Grade 2
Antonyms, synonyms, idioms, homographs
identify, use, and explain the meaning of antonyms, synonyms, idioms, and homographs in context.
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 2 2.7.F Respond with newly acquired vocabulary Close
2.7.F · Grade 2
Respond with newly acquired vocabulary
respond using newly acquired vocabulary as appropriate.
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 3 3.3.B Use context inside and outside the sentence Close
3.3.B · Grade 3
Use context inside and outside the sentence
use context within and beyond a sentence to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words and multiple-meaning words;
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 3 3.3.C Identify affix meanings and use them Close
3.3.C · Grade 3
Identify affix meanings and use them
identify the meaning of and use words with affixes such as im- (into), non-, dis-, in- (not, non), pre-, -ness, -y, and -ful; and
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 3 3.3.D Identify, use, and explain word relationships Close
3.3.D · Grade 3
Identify, use, and explain word relationships
identify, use, and explain the meaning of antonyms, synonyms, idioms, homophones, and homographs in a text.
Part of the vocabulary topic
- Grade 3 3.7.F Use new vocabulary when responding Close
3.7.F · Grade 3
Use new vocabulary when responding
respond using newly acquired vocabulary as appropriate; and
Part of the vocabulary topic
Planning it, getting it down, changing it, and putting it in front of somebody — all of it counts as writing.
- Grade 1 1.11.A Generate ideas to plan a first draft Close
1.11.A · Grade 1
Generate ideas to plan a first draft
plan a first draft by generating ideas for writing such as by drawing and brainstorming;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 1 1.11.B Develop oral, pictorial, or written drafts Close
1.11.B · Grade 1
Develop oral, pictorial, or written drafts
develop drafts in oral, pictorial, or written form by:
- organizing with structure; and
- developing an idea with specific and relevant details;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 1 1.11.C Revise by adding picture or word details Close
1.11.C · Grade 1
Revise by adding picture or word details
revise drafts by adding details in pictures or words;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 1 1.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions
- Grade 1 1.11.E Publish and share writing Close
1.11.E · Grade 1
Publish and share writing
publish and share writing.
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 2 2.11.A Generate ideas to plan a first draft Close
2.11.A · Grade 2
Generate ideas to plan a first draft
plan a first draft by generating ideas for writing such as drawing and brainstorming;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 2 2.11.B Develop drafts into focused writing Close
2.11.B · Grade 2
Develop drafts into focused writing
develop drafts into a focused piece of writing by:
- organizing with structure; and
- developing an idea with specific and relevant details;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 2 2.11.C Revise by adding, deleting, rearranging Close
2.11.C · Grade 2
Revise by adding, deleting, rearranging
revise drafts by adding, deleting, or rearranging words, phrases, or sentences;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 2 2.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions
- Grade 2 2.11.E Publish and share writing Close
2.11.E · Grade 2
Publish and share writing
publish and share writing.
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 3 3.11.A Plan a draft: genre, topic, purpose, audience Close
3.11.A · Grade 3
Plan a draft: genre, topic, purpose, audience
plan a first draft by selecting a genre for a particular topic, purpose, and audience using a range of strategies such as brainstorming, freewriting, and mapping;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 3 3.11.B Develop focused, structured, coherent drafts Close
3.11.B · Grade 3
Develop focused, structured, coherent drafts
develop drafts into a focused, structured, and coherent piece of writing by:
- organizing with purposeful structure, including an introduction and a conclusion; and
- developing an engaging idea with relevant details;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 3 3.11.C Revise word choice and sentence structure Close
3.11.C · Grade 3
Revise word choice and sentence structure
revise drafts to improve sentence structure and word choice by adding, deleting, combining, and rearranging ideas for coherence and clarity;
Part of the writing a draft topic
- Grade 3 3.11.D Edit drafts for standard English conventions
- Grade 3 3.11.E Publish work for the right audience Close
3.11.E · Grade 3
Publish work for the right audience
publish written work for appropriate audiences.
Part of the writing a draft topic